Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *ab Scott K. Shay Wardja Press https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_ab_1

Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.

 The Indo-European Syllable (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 15) Andrew M. Byrd Leiden Brill 2015 Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme George E. Dunkel Universitätsverlag Winter 2 2014 A Comparative Grammar of the Early Germanic Languages Robert D. Fulk John Benjamins Publishing Company 2018 From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English, 2nd edition) Don Ringe Oxford Oxford University Press 2017 ἀπό
apó
from, away 𒀀𒀊𒉺
a-ap-pa /āppa/
behind; afterwards *apó off, away *h₂epó off, away ab from, away from, out of अप
ápa
away, off
ab ˈɑβ ᚨᛒ
adverb away, off From Proto-Indo-European *apó, alternatively reconstructed as *h₂epó. The *b reflects Verner’s Law in the pre-Germanic development of *p in a weakly stressed/pretonic particle, though the accentual prehistory of this particle class is not entirely straightforward Fulk 2018: 102 Ringe 2017: 125, 141. Cognate with Sanskrit अप, Ancient Greek ἀπό, Latin ab, and probably with Hittite 𒀀𒀊𒉺; the Anatolian form without a reflex of the laryngeal is one reason to prefer *apó Byrd 2015: 8 Dunkel 2014: 66–83.
Proto-West Germanic *ab, *af Old Dutch av, af Middle Dutch av, af Limburgish aaf, aof
West Flemish of
Proto-West Germanic *ab, *af Old Dutch av, af Middle Dutch av, af Dutch af Afrikaans af
Proto-West Germanic *ab, *af Old English ob, æf, af, of Middle English of, off English of, off
Scots of, off, af, aff
Proto-West Germanic *ab, *af Old Frisian af, of Saterland Frisian oaw, ou
West Frisian af, ôf
Proto-West Germanic *ab, *af Old High German ab, av, af Middle High German ab, av, af Luxembourgish of
Yiddish אָפּ (op)
Proto-West Germanic *ab, *af Old High German ab, av, af Middle High German ab, av, af German ab Norwegian Bokmål ab
Proto-West Germanic *ab, *af Old Saxon af Middle Low German af Low German af, of
Plautdietsch auf
Proto-Norse *ᚨᛒ (*ab) Old Norse af Danish af
Faroese av
Icelandic af
Norwegian Bokmål av
Norwegian Nynorsk av
Proto-Norse *ᚨᛒ (*ab) Old Norse af Old Swedish af, āf, aff Swedish av, af
Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af)