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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *aigô</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_aigô</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="kroonen2013" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/MPLRUGJF">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Guus</forename>
              <surname>Kroonen</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2013</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="ref1997" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/2GXPBSTX">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture</title>
            <editor>
              <forename>James P.</forename>
              <surname>Mallory</surname>
            </editor>
            <editor>
              <forename>Douglas Q.</forename>
              <surname>Adams</surname>
            </editor>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers</publisher>
              <date>1997</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="rix2001" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/TCS87M9Q">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Helmut</forename>
              <surname>Rix</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Martin</forename>
              <surname>Kümmel</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Thomas</forename>
              <surname>Zehnder</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Reiner</forename>
              <surname>Lipp</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Brigitte</forename>
              <surname>Schirmer</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <pubPlace>Wiesbaden</pubPlace>
              <publisher>Reichert</publisher>
              <date>2001</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="ref2011" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/2AIPBS93">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">The American heritage dictionary of Indo-European roots</title>
            <editor>
              <forename>Calvert</forename>
              <surname>Watkins</surname>
            </editor>
            <imprint>
              <pubPlace>Boston</pubPlace>
              <publisher>Houghton Mifflin Harcourt</publisher>
              <date>2011</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_h2eyk" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*h₂eyḱ-</orth>
          <def>to appropriate, possess</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_iste" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>ईष्टे</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>īṣṭe</orth>
          </form>
          <def>rules, owns, possesses</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_txb_aik" xml:lang="txb" type="cognate">
          <orth>aik-</orth>
          <def>know, recognize</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_aigo" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aigô">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>aigô</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɑi̯.ɣɔːː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚨᛁᚷᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">an-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>owner, possessor; one who owns or has control over something</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Germanic <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto" target="#pgmc_aigana"><ref target="#pgmc_aigana">*aiganą</ref></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_o"><ref target="#pgmc_o">*-ô</ref></mentioned>, originally ‘the owning one’. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_h2eyk"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_h2eyk">*h₂eyḱ-</ref></mentioned>, especially the reduplicated stative/perfect formation behind Germanic <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto" target="#pgmc_aigana"><ref target="#pgmc_aigana">*aiganą</ref></mentioned>; compare the root with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_iste"><ref target="#cog_san_iste">ईष्टे</ref></mentioned>, and Tocharian B <mentioned xml:lang="txb" target="#cog_txb_aik"><ref target="#cog_txb_aik">aik-</ref></mentioned> <bibl corresp="#kroonen2013" n="8">Kroonen 2013: 8</bibl> <bibl corresp="#rix2001" n="223">Rix et al. 2001: 223</bibl> <bibl corresp="#ref1997" n="270">Mallory &amp; Adams 1997: 270</bibl> <bibl corresp="#ref2011" n="s.v. aik-">Watkins 2011: s.v. aik-</bibl>. Also related to <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_aigo_x2"><ref target="#pgmc_aigo_x2">*aigǭ</ref></mentioned>.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>aigô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>aiganiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>aiganų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>aiganunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>aiginiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>aiganǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>aigini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>aigammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>aiginē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>aigammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>aigô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>aiganiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*aigō</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>āga</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*aigō</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*eigo, wīneigo</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>eigi</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
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