Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *aiksScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_aiks
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
Non-Indo-European root nouns in Germanic: Evidence in support of the Agricultural Substrate HypothesisGuusKroonenRihoGrünthalPetriKallioA linguistic map of prehistoric Northern EuropeHelsinkiSuomalais-Ugrilainen Seura239–2602012bEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)GuusKroonenBrill2013Encyclopedia of Indo-European CultureJames P.MalloryDouglas Q.AdamsFitzroy Dearborn Publishers1997Aegilops in botanical treatises of Theophrastus10.25136/2409-8698.2024.7.71304.Maria PavlovnaParkhaevaLitera7231–2432024Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7)Michielde VaanBrill2008αἰγίλωψTurkey oak; also a grass and a bulbous plant*h₂éyǵ-soakaesculusa kind of oak-tree*h₂eyǵ-goatαἴξgoatαἴγῐλοςhaver-grass
nounfeminineconsonant stemoak treeoak (wood), with occasional metonymic extension to objects made of oakUsually derived from a Proto-Indo-European root noun, *h₂éyǵ-s, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ-Kroonen 2013: 9–10. However, the Indo-European comparison is not certain. The most common comparanda include Ancient Greek αἰγίλωψ and possibly Latin aesculus, but de Vaan 2008: 28 maintains that the suffix in Latin is not clear and that it may have a substrate origin. Recent research on Greek αἰγίλωψ derives its plant senses internally from αἴξ→ αἴγῐλος → αἰγίλωψ, thus it is less likely to be an inherited cognate Parkhaeva 2024. Mallory and Adams 1997: 407 believe that *h₂eyǵ- was a species-specific term or a term that only existed as a western/central dialect term. Since there are no formally identical Indo-European cognates for *aiks, it is possible that it comes from a non-Indo-European substrate. Kroonen's 2012b: 242–43 argument, that root-noun inflection in Germanic can be a substrate marker, fits particularly well for this instance of a local plant name.