<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *ainafalþaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_ainafalþaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="journalArticle" xml:id="selihei2018" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/XIAZKNX9">
          <analytic>
            <title level="a">Про джерела і найдавніші етапи німецького пуризму [On the sources and early stages of German purism</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Pylyp O.</forename>
              <surname>Selihei</surname>
            </author>
          </analytic>
          <monogr>
            <title level="j">Мовознавство</title>
            <imprint>
              <biblScope unit="volume">5</biblScope>
              <biblScope unit="page">10–31</biblScope>
              <date>2018</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="de_vaan2008" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/D3FJ3Q59">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7)</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Michiel</forename>
              <surname>de Vaan</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2008</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_simplex" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>simplex</orth>
          <def>folded once</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_sem" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>sem-</orth>
          <def>one; single-</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_plex" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>‎ -plex</orth>
          <def>-fold</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_ainafalthaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainafalþaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>ainafalþaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɑi̯.nɑ.ˌɸɑl.θɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚨᛁᚾᚨᚠᚨᛚᚦᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>onefold, simple</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>whole, single</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_ainaz"><ref target="#pgmc_ainaz">*ainaz</ref></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_falthaz"><ref target="#pgmc_falthaz">*-falþaz</ref></mentioned>. A calque of Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_simplex"><ref target="#cog_lat_simplex">simplex</ref></mentioned>, from <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_lat_sem"><ref target="#cog_lat_sem">sem-</ref></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_lat_plex"><ref target="#cog_lat_plex">‎ -plex</ref></mentioned> <bibl corresp="#de_vaan2008" n="473, 553">de Vaan 2008: 473, 553</bibl> <bibl corresp="#selihei2018" n="12">Selihei 2018: 12</bibl>.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>aiafalþammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>aiafalþammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>ainafalþaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>aiafalþammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>ainafalþammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*ainfald</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*ēnfalt</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>eenvout</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>eenvoude, einvoldeg, eenvuldich, eenvoudich</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>eenvoud</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*ainfald</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>ānfeald</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>onfold, anfald</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>onefold</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>aefauld, aefald, aefaul, ae-fald, ae-faul, afawld, afald</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*ainfald</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>ēnfald</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>eenfooldig, eenfooldich, eenfooltich, eenfoltig</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>ienfâldich</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*ainfald</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>einfalt</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>einvalt, einfalt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>einfältig, Einfalt</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*ainfald</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>ēnfald</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>ênvālt, ênvōlt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Eenfold</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Low German</lang>
                          <orth>eenfoldig</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>einfaldr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>enfoldig</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>einfaldur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>einfaldur</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>einfaldr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>ēnfalder</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>enfaldig</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 (ainfalþs)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
