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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *ainahô</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_ainahô</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="dunkel2014" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/Q3YHENC7">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme</title>
            <author>
              <forename>George E.</forename>
              <surname>Dunkel</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Universitätsverlag Winter</publisher>
              <biblScope unit="volume">2</biblScope>
              <date>2014</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="kroonen2013" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/MPLRUGJF">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Guus</forename>
              <surname>Kroonen</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2013</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_chu_inoku" xml:lang="chu" type="cognate">
          <orth>инокъ</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>inokŭ</orth>
          </form>
          <def>one living alone; monk</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_h1oy_no_s" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*h₁óy-no-s</orth>
          <def>one, single</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_unicus" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>ūnicus</orth>
          <def>only, sole, unique</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_ainaho" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainahô">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>ainahô</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɑi̯.nɑ.xɔːː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚨᛁᚾᚨᚺᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">an/īn-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>only, single, sole; used as a limiting weak adjective, ‘the only one, the sole X’</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*h₁óyno-ko-</mentioned>, an adjectival/intensive <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-ko-</mentioned> derivative of <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_h1oy_no_s"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_h1oy_no_s">*h₁óy-no-s</ref></mentioned>. Cognate or closely parallel formations include Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_unicus"><ref target="#cog_lat_unicus">ūnicus</ref></mentioned> and Old Church Slavonic <mentioned xml:lang="chu" target="#cog_chu_inoku"><ref target="#cog_chu_inoku">инокъ</ref></mentioned> <bibl corresp="#dunkel2014" n="589">Dunkel 2014: 589</bibl> <bibl corresp="#kroonen2013" n="11">Kroonen 2013: 11</bibl>. Related to <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto" target="#pgmc_ainaz"><ref target="#pgmc_ainaz">*ainaz</ref></mentioned> and to the parallel adjective <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto" target="#pgmc_ainagaz"><ref target="#pgmc_ainagaz">*ainagaz</ref></mentioned>.</seg>
          </etym>
          <note type="Declension">
            <head>Declension</head>
            <p>Strong declension only.</p>
          </note>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #nom #sg #masc">
              <orth>ainahô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #nom #sg #fem">
              <orth>ainahį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #nom #sg #neut">
              <orth>ainahô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #nom #pl #masc">
              <orth>ainahaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #nom #pl #fem">
              <orth>ainahīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #nom #pl #neut">
              <orth>ainahōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #acc #sg #masc">
              <orth>ainahanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #acc #sg #fem">
              <orth>ainahīnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #acc #sg #neut">
              <orth>ainahô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #acc #pl #masc">
              <orth>ainahanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #acc #pl #fem">
              <orth>ainahīnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #acc #pl #neut">
              <orth>ainahōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #gen #sg #masc">
              <orth>ainahiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #gen #sg #fem">
              <orth>ainahīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #gen #sg #neut">
              <orth>ainahiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #gen #pl #masc">
              <orth>ainahanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #gen #pl #fem">
              <orth>ainahīnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #gen #pl #neut">
              <orth>ainahanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #dat #sg #masc">
              <orth>ainahini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #dat #sg #fem">
              <orth>ainahīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #dat #sg #neut">
              <orth>ainahini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #dat #pl #masc">
              <orth>ainahammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #dat #pl #fem">
              <orth>ainahīmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #dat #pl #neut">
              <orth>ainahammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #instr #sg #masc">
              <orth>ainahinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #instr #sg #fem">
              <orth>ainahīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #instr #sg #neut">
              <orth>ainahinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #instr #pl #masc">
              <orth>ainahammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #instr #pl #fem">
              <orth>ainahīmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#strong #instr #pl #neut">
              <orth>ainahammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #nom #sg #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #nom #sg #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #nom #sg #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #nom #pl #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #nom #pl #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #nom #pl #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #acc #sg #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #acc #sg #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #acc #sg #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #acc #pl #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #acc #pl #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #acc #pl #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #gen #sg #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #gen #sg #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #gen #sg #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #gen #pl #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #gen #pl #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #gen #pl #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #dat #sg #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #dat #sg #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #dat #sg #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #dat #pl #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #dat #pl #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #dat #pl #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #instr #sg #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #instr #sg #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #instr #sg #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #instr #pl #masc">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #instr #pl #fem">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#weak #instr #pl #neut">
              <orth>-</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*ainahō</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>ānga, ǣnga</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>einga</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>enga, ænga</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐌰 (ainaha)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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