Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *airōScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_airō
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
How to pull a wagon in Indo-European10.1515/if-2023-0004StefanHöflerIndogermanische Forschungen128183-12420232026-07-28T23:21:15Zhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/if-2023-0004/htmlISSN: 1613-0405, 0019-7262οἴαξtiller; handle of a steering oaríenashaft, drawbarअयतेspeeds, movesईषाshaft, drawbar*h₂eyh₂- ~ *h₂yeh₂-to pull or move a vehicle; move, ride, travelojẹ̑ ~ ojẹ̑sashaft, thillईयतेmoves, speeds on a chariotयातिrides, moves, travels
nounfeminineō-steman oar; a long-handled implement used to propel or steer a boatProbably from pre-Germanic *h₂eyh₂-r-eh₂- or *h₂oyh₂-r-eh₂-, a substantivized feminine based on a deverbal adjective in *-ró-. The underlying Proto-Indo-European root was *h₂eyh₂- ~ *h₂yeh₂-, with Schwebeablaut; an oar was thus conceived as an instrument for pulling or setting a boat in motion Höfler 2023: 93–94, 108–11. Related formations include Lithuanian íena, Slovene ojẹ̑ ~ ojẹ̑sa, Vedic Sanskrit अयते and ईयते, and याति. Ancient Greek οἴαξ and Vedic Sanskrit ईषा belong to the same extended nominal family Höfler 2023: 93–94, 108–18.