Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *alizōScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_alizō
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
Characteristics of Lexemes of a Substratum Origin in Proto-GermanicAljošaŠorgoRomain GarnierLoanwords and substrata: proceedings of the colloquium held in Limoges, 5th-7th June 2018InnsbruckInstitut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck427-722020Sub-Indo-European Europe: Problems, Methods, Results10.1515/9783111337920-001GuusKroonenGuus KroonenA methodological introduction to sub-Indo-European EuropeBerlin & BostonDe Gruyter Mouton1–262024Proto-Slavic forest tree names: Substratum or Proto-Indo-European origin?10.1515/9783111337920-003RankoMatasovićGuus KroonenSub-Indo-European Europe: Problems, Methods, ResultsBerlin & BostonDe Gruyter Mouton49–642024Black and White: A Tale of Two Gates in the Hittite Ritual of Tunnawi for Curing Genital Disorders.10.30687/KASKAL/2036-5845/2025/01/007IlanPeledKASKAL n.s. 227–342025*h₂elis-alder*olьšaalderalnusalderal̃ksnisalder*elьšaalder𒄑𒀀𒆷𒀭𒍝oak?
nounfeminineō-stemalder (tree)Of uncertain origin; recent scholarship increasingly favors a European substrate source. The noun belongs to an irregular complex reflected by Proto-Slavic *olьša, *elьša, Lithuanian alksnis, Latvian alksnis, and Latin alnus < *al-i(s)no-. The recurrent a ~ e vocalism, -s- ~ -is- variation, and alternation of nasal and non-nasal formations across several branches are difficult to derive from a single inherited Proto-Indo-European formation and have been interpreted as evidence of prehistoric borrowing Kroonen 2024: 8–10Matasović 2024: 57Šorgo 2020: 432. Hittite 𒄑𒀀𒆷𒀭𒍝, formerly adduced in support of the noun's PIE antiquity, is botanically uncertain and has recently been argued to denote ‘oak’ instead of 'alder' Peled 2025: 30–31. A traditional reconstruction *h₂elis- is therefore less likely.