Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *amsazScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_amsaz
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)GuusKroonenBrill2013Encyclopedia of Indo-European CultureJames P.MalloryDouglas Q.AdamsFitzroy Dearborn Publishers1997A look over Lat. umerus ‘shoulder’StefanHöflerDavid M. GoldsteinStephanie W. JamisonBrent VineProceedings of the 29th Annual UCLA Indo-European ConferenceBremenHempen129–1462018Evidence for vowel nasalization in early Greek10.1163/22125892-bja10038GeorgiosKostopoulosIndo-European Linguistics 13(1)1–262025अंसshoulderh₂ṓmsshoulderumerushumerus; shoulder; backὦμοςshoulderուսshoulderesshoulderāntseshoulder
nounmasculinea-stemshoulderridge; long, low hillFrom an inherited Proto-Indo-European thematic masculine meaning ‘shoulder’, conventionally reconstructible as h₂ṓms, though the identity of the laryngeal and the internal prehistory of the noun are disputed. Kroonen 2013: 25 reconstructs *h₃ém-so-, while Höfler 2018: 129–146 proposes an ablauting paradigm with nominative singular *h₁ómhₓsos > *h₁ómsos beside weak *h₁emhₓso-, the latter accounting for Latin umerus without otherwise unmotivated vowel epenthesis; Ancient Greek ὦμος is likewise compatible with *h₁ómsos under recent analyses of early Greek vowel nasalization Höfler 2018: 129–146; Kostopoulos 2025Mallory & Adams 1997: 515–16. Cognates include Sanskrit अंस, Armenian ուս, Tocharian A es, and Tocharian B āntse.