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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *angrawarjaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_angrawarjaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="krahe1969" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/6TKE9TIV">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Germanische Sprachwissenschaft III: Wortbildungslehre</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Hans</forename>
              <surname>Krahe</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Wolfgang</forename>
              <surname>Meid</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Walter de Gruyter</publisher>
              <date>1969</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="lehmann1986a" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/SV2QGL7V">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">A Gothic Etymological Dictionary</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Winfred P.</forename>
              <surname>Lehmann</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>1986a</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="orel2003" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/U6EVGQ9E">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">A Handbook of Germanic Etymology</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Vladimir</forename>
              <surname>Orel</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2003</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ang_ware" xml:lang="ang" type="reflex">
          <orth>-ware</orth>
          <def>inhabitants</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_non_verjar" xml:lang="non" type="reflex">
          <orth>-verjar</orth>
          <def>inhabitants, people</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_amsivarii" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>Amsivariī</orth>
          <def>inhabitants by the Ems</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_chasuarii" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>Chasuariī</orth>
          <def>inhabitants by the Hase</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_angrawarjaz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/angrawarjaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>angrawarjaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɑŋ.ɡrɑ.ˌwɑr.jɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚨᚾᚷᚱᚨᚹᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ja-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>a meadow-dweller; a member of the Angrivarii, a Germanic people of the middle Weser region</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_angraz_1"><ref target="#pgmc_angraz_1">*angraz¹</ref></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_warjaz"><ref target="#pgmc_warjaz">*warjaz</ref></mentioned>, literally ‘dweller in the meadows/Anger-land’. The formation is directly reflected in Latin <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Angrivariī </mentioned>and Ancient Greek Ἀνγριουάρροι (<mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Angriouárroi</mentioned>) and belongs to a productive ethnonymic type in <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-warjaz</mentioned>. Compare Latin <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_lat_amsivarii"><ref target="#cog_lat_amsivarii">Amsivariī</ref></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_lat_chasuarii"><ref target="#cog_lat_chasuarii">Chasuariī</ref></mentioned>  <bibl corresp="#lehmann1986a" n="389–90, s.v. wair">Lehmann 1986a: 389–90, s.v. wair</bibl> <bibl corresp="#krahe1969" n="223">Krahe &amp; Meid 1969: 223</bibl>. The second constituent is independently reflected in Old English <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_ang_ware"><ref target="#cog_ang_ware">-ware</ref></mentioned> and Old Norse <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_non_verjar"><ref target="#cog_non_verjar">-verjar</ref></mentioned>. It probably developed from an older sense ‘defender, protector’, ultimately belonging with <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_warjana"><ref target="#pgmc_warjana">*warjaną</ref></mentioned> <bibl corresp="#lehmann1986a" n="s.v. *warjan">Lehmann 1986a: s.v. *warjan</bibl> <bibl corresp="#orel2003" n="s.v. *warjanan">Orel 2003: s.v. *warjanan</bibl>.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>angrawarjaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>angrawarjōz, angrawarjōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>angrawarją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>angrawarjanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>angrawarjas, angrawaris</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>angrawarjǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>angrawarjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>angrawarjamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>angrawarjō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>angrawarjamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>angrawari</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>angrawarjōz, angrawarjōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Latin</lang>
                  <orth>Angrivariī</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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