Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *anguzScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_anguz
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)GuusKroonenBrill2013From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English, 2nd edition)DonRingeOxfordOxford University Press2017Lexikon der indogermanischen VerbenHelmutRixMartinKümmelThomasZehnderReinerLippBrigitteSchirmerWiesbadenReichert2001The American heritage dictionary of Indo-European rootsCalvertWatkinsBostonHoughton Mifflin Harcourt2011Nomina im indogermanischen LexikonDagmar S.WodtkoBrittaIrslingerCarolinSchneiderUniversitätsverlag Winter2008Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7)Michielde VaanBrill2008Like Dust on the Silk Road: On the Earliest Iranian and BMAC Loanwords in Tocharian. Leiden Studies in Indo-European 27Chams BenoîtBernardLeiden & BostonBrill2025*h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-snarrow, tightangustusnarrow, closeἄγχωto squeeze, strangleangōto throttle, strangle; torment*h₂emǵʰ-to constrict, tighten, compress; narrow, tight; distressed, anxious*h₂enǵʰ-to constrict, tighten, compress; narrow, tight; distressed, anxious𒄩𒈠𒀭𒆠to wrap, tie𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌿𐍃narrowअंहुnarrow, tightangusnarrowǫzъkъnarrowingnarrowiungnarrow
adju-stemnarrow, tightFrom the Proto-Indo-European Caland-system u-stem adjective *h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-s, from the root *h₂enǵʰ-, probably reflecting earlier *h₂emǵʰ-; Hittite 𒄩𒈠𒀭𒆠 preserves the original *-m- before the dorsal Bernard 2025: 93–95Kroonen 2013: s.v. *angwu-Ringe 2017: 111Rix et al. 2001: 264–65Wodtko et al. 2008: 301–303. The old proterokinetic inflection *h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-s also accounts for the alternating Proto-Germanic stem *angu- ~ *angw-, seen in *anguz vs. *angwāną. Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌿𐍃 generalized the labiovelarized stem into the masculine Ringe 2017: 111. Direct or closely corresponding Indo-European formations include Vedic Sanskrit अंहु, Proto-Celtic angus, reflected in Old Irish ing, iung, and Proto-Slavic ǫzъkъ; Latin angustus is instead a related derivative in *-os-to- from the same root de Vaan 2008: 42, s.v. angō, -ereWodtko et al. 2008: 301. The verbal meaning remains particularly transparent in Ancient Greek ἄγχω and Latin angō, while the widespread development ‘constriction’ → ‘distress, anxiety’ explains related formations such as *angustizBernard 2025: 94–95Watkins 2011: s.v. angh-.