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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *Anulaibaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_anulaibaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="fulk2018" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/DLDN5DUK">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">A Comparative Grammar of the Early Germanic Languages</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Robert D.</forename>
              <surname>Fulk</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>John Benjamins Publishing Company</publisher>
              <date>2018</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="kroonen2013" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/MPLRUGJF">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Guus</forename>
              <surname>Kroonen</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2013</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="de_vries1977" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/MIN5YP8Q">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Altnordisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Jan</forename>
              <surname>de Vries</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>1977</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_laibaz" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*-laibaz</orth>
          <def>descendant, heir</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_anu" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*anu-</orth>
          <def>ancestor, forefather</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_gmq-x-proto_anulaibar" xml:lang="gmq-x-proto" type="reflex">
          <orth>*anulaibaʀ</orth>
          <def>descendant of the primordial ancestor</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_anulaibaz" type="propn" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/Anulaibaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>Anulaibaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɑ.nu.lɑi̯.βɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚨᚾᚢᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>propn</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>a male given name</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From the archaic personal-name element <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_anu"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_anu">*anu-</ref></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_laibaz"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_laibaz">*-laibaz</ref></mentioned>, the latter a masculine name-form related to <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_laibo"><ref target="#pgmc_laibo">*laibō</ref></mentioned>. De Vries <bibl corresp="#de_vries1977" n="418" ana="#omit-author">1977: 418</bibl> reconstructs Proto-Norse <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_gmq-x-proto_anulaibar"><ref target="#cog_gmq-x-proto_anulaibar">*anulaibaʀ</ref></mentioned> and interprets the name as ‘descendant of the primordial ancestor’, with <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_anu"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_anu">*anu-</ref></mentioned> probably preserving an archaic sacral term for a venerated ancestor. After medial-vowel syncope,<mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto"> *anulaibaz </mentioned>&gt; <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*anlaibaz</mentioned>; subsequent Proto-Norse loss of <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">n</mentioned> with compensatory lengthening yielded Old Norse <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Áleifr</mentioned>, whose original <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">-ei-</mentioned> is confirmed by early skaldic rhyme <bibl corresp="#fulk2018" n="70">Fulk 2018: 70</bibl>. The second element belongs with <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_laibo"><ref target="#pgmc_laibo">*laibō</ref></mentioned> <bibl corresp="#kroonen2013" n="323">Kroonen 2013: 323</bibl>, but in masculine personal names had the specialized sense ‘descendant, heir’.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>Anulaibaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>Anulaibą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>Anulaibas, Anulaibis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>Anulaibai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>Anulaibō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>Anulaib</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old English</lang>
                  <orth>Anlāf</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚨᚾᚢᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ (*anulaibaʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Óláfr, Ǫ́láfr, Óleifr, Áleifr, Ǫ́leifr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>Olaf, Olav, Oluf</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>Olaf</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Estonian</lang>
                      <orth>Olev</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>Ólavur</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Finnish</lang>
                      <orth>Olavi, Uolevi</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>Áleifur, Ólafur</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                      <orth>Olav, Ola, Olaf</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚨᚾᚢᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ (*anulaibaʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Óláfr, Ǫ́láfr, Óleifr, Áleifr, Ǫ́leifr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Latin</lang>
                      <orth>Olaus</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Faroese</lang>
                        <orth>Lávus</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚨᚾᚢᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ (*anulaibaʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Óláfr, Ǫ́láfr, Óleifr, Áleifr, Ǫ́leifr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                      <orth>Óli</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>Ole</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Faroese</lang>
                        <orth>Óli</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Finnish</lang>
                        <orth>Olli</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                        <orth>Óli</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                        <orth>Ole</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>Olle</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚨᚾᚢᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ (*anulaibaʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Óláfr, Ǫ́láfr, Óleifr, Áleifr, Ǫ́leifr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>Olawær</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>Olof, Olov</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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