Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *anǭScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_anǭ
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
The Proto-Germanic n-Stems: A Study in Diachronic MorphophonologyGuusKroonenRodopi2011aKin, clan and community in Proto-Indo-European societyBirgit AnetteOlsenBenedicte Nielsen WhiteheadBirgit Anette OlsenJanus Bahs JacquetKin, clan and community in Indo-European societyCopenhagenMuseum Tusculanum Press39–1802020Kinship terms in the Anatolian languagesMatildeSerangeliBenedicte Nielsen WhiteheadBirgit Anette OlsenJanus Bahs JacquetKin, clan and community in Indo-European societyCopenhagenMuseum Tusculanum Press181–2182020East Baltic ‘father-in-law’ and ‘mother-in-law’10.35321/all94-02VáclavBlažekActa Linguistica Lithuanica 941–72026𒄩𒀭𒈾grandmotheranusold womananeold motherἀννίςmother’s or father’s mother; grandmotherհանgrandmotheranýtahusband’s motherxñnahe/i-of a grandmother
nounfeminineōn-stem(female) ancestor, foremother; especially a grandmotherContinues the widespread Indo-European word for ‘grandmother’, best represented cautiously as a stem *h₂an(h)-; Serangeli 2020: 208 more specifically reconstructs thematic h₂énH-o-, interpreting the geminate of Hittite 𒄩𒀭𒈾 as evidence for root-final *H, while Olsen 2020: 81–82 notes that the gemination may instead be hypocoristic and that even initial *h₂ is not completely secure. The Proto-Germanic noun was remodeled into the productive feminine ōn-declension, a class arising through the Germanic amalgamation of inherited feminine *eh₂-stems with *ōn-stems Kroonen 2011a: 36–37. Cognates include Ancient Greek ἀννίς, Armenian հան, Hittite 𒄩𒀭𒈾, and Latin anus; Lycian xñnahe/i- continues the same kinship stem, while Lithuanian anýta is a derivative of it Blažek 2026: §1.3Olsen 2020: 81–82Serangeli 2020: 208. Old Prussian ane is traditionally included as a cognate, although its value as independent Baltic evidence is weakened by the alternative view that it was borrowed from Germanic Blažek 2026: §1.3. The feminine noun is probably the historically older member of the Germanic pair: only Germanic securely attests a corresponding masculine *anô, which is thus best regarded as a secondary masculine formation beside the inherited female kinship term.