Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *apaldrazScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_apaldraz
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
Nominale Stammbildungslehre der altgermanischen DialekteFriedrichKlugeMax Niemayer1899Germanische Sprachwissenschaft III: WortbildungslehreHansKraheWolfgangMeidWalter de Gruyter1969Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)GuusKroonenBrill2013Proto-Indo-European -intro-, -dhro- in Common Slavic?AleksandarLomaJezikoslovni zapiski [Linguistic Notes232171–1972017The Proto-Indo-European Instrument Noun Suffix and its Variants. Historisk-filosofiske Meddelelser 55Birgit A.OlsenDet Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab1988A Handbook of Germanic EtymologyVladimirOrelBrill2003Descendants and ancestry of a Proto-Indo-European phytonym meh₂l-Rhona S. H.FenwickJournal of Indo-European Studies 44(3–4)441–4652016
nounmasculinea-stemapple treeFrom the apple stem underlying *aplaz, with Germanic *apal- ~ *apul- variation, + the dendronymic suffix *-dra-/*-drō- Kroonen 2013: 31. The suffix belongs to the Proto-Indo-European instrumental-formant family *-tro-, *-tlo-, *-dʰro-, *-dʰlo-; Germanic *-dr- may continue Proto-Indo-European *-dʰro- directly or represent a Verner variant of *-tro-Kluge 1899: 48Krahe & Meid 1969: 181–84Loma 2017: 171–74Olsen 1988: 6. Fenwick 2016: 442–43 reconstructs pre-Germanic *h₂ébl̥-dʰro-m > *ápuldrą, with subsequent Germanic stem and gender remodeling represented by *apaldra/ō-; this direct *-dʰro- analysis is phonologically the simplest Kroonen 2013: 31Orel 2003: 21.