Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *apôScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_apô
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 10/1)RobertBeekesBrill2010European Prehistory between Celtic and Germanic: The Celto-Germanic Isoglosses Revisited10.1017/9781009261753.018Paulusvan SluisAnders RichardtJørgensenGuusKroonenKristianKristiansenGuusKroonenEskeWillerslevThe Indo-European Puzzle RevisitedCambridge University Press193-24420232026-07-31T23:07:59Zhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781009261753%23CN-bp-13/type/book_partISBN: 978-1-009-26175-3 978-1-009-26174-6 978-1-009-26172-2Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)GuusKroonenBrill2013Characteristics of Lexemes of a Substratum Origin in Proto-GermanicAljošaŠorgoRomain GarnierLoanwords and substrata: proceedings of the colloquium held in Limoges, 5th-7th June 2018InnsbruckInstitut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck427-722020Apes, dwarfs, rivers and Indo-European internal derivationPeterSchrijverAdam HyllestedJens Elmegård RasmussenPer aspera ad asteriscosInnsbruckInstitut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck507–5112004κῆποςlong-tailed monkeyकपिape, monkey*h₂ep-water; body of waterκῆβοςlong-tailed monkeyקוֹףmonkeyuqūpuapeiqūpuapeaqūpuape*abanko-water creature*-h₃on-a variation of the Hoffmann Suffix
nounmasculinean-stemape, monkeyAn ancient loanword, probably an early pre-Germanic adoption of a non-Indo-European Wanderwort, subsequently inflected as the masculine n-stem *apan-. Comparable forms include Sanskrit कपि, Ancient Greek κῆβος (also κῆπος), Hebrew קוֹף, and Akkadian uqūpu, iqūpu, aqūpuBeekes 2010: 683–84Kroonen 2013: 31Šorgo 2020: 433. Kroonen proposes that the foreign word was borrowed at a sufficiently early stage with initial *h₂- or *h₃-, as *h₂eb- or *h₃eb-. Alternatively, Schrijver 2004: 507–511 derives *apan- from *h₂ep- + *-h₃on-, originally ‘water creature’; however, the supposedly related Proto-Celtic *abanko- is now considered most likely unrelated, favoring the Wanderwort analysis van Sluis et al. 2023: 237.