Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary

verb Strong class 7 j-present to plow; to till (the soil) From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti, an imperfective y-present of root *h₂erh₃-; root-final *h₃ was regularly lost before *y (Pinault’s Law), yielding the stem continued by Proto-Germanic *arj- Kroonen 2013: 34 Ringe 2017: 214–15 Rix et al. 2001: 272–73 Weiss 2020: 484–85. Cognate with Old Irish airid, Lithuanian ariù, Old Church Slavonic орѭ, Ancient Greek ἀρόω, and Latin arō. Kloekhorst 2008: 300–301, 312–314 proposes that PIE *h₂erh₃- originally meant ‘crush’, reflected in Hittite ḫarra-/ḫarr-, with ‘plow’ developing only after the Anatolian branch had split off. Schürr 2023: 106–109 objects that ḫarra- is not attested with regard to working soil and points instead to Hittite ḫārš-, attested as 𒄯𒀸𒍣, which may be an s-extended formation of *h₂erh₃-; together with the broad distribution of the ‘plow’ family, especially the Tocharian evidence, this supports reconstructing ‘plow’ already for PIE. Conjugation

The past tense forms are reduplicated; otherwise, Strong class 6 would be expected, based on the root. The Strong class 7 classification is based on a single attested OHG attestation, iarun (‘they plowed’), though this could be an OHG innovation. In the other daughter languages, the past is either weak or unattested.