Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *arwazScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_arwaz_2
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)GuusKroonenBrill2013Notes on Balto-Slavic etymology: Russian norov, mjat’, ruž’ë, dialectal xajat’ ‘to care’, xovat’ ‘to keep’ and their Slavic and Baltic cognates10.13173/wienslavjahr.1.2013.0294TijmenPronkWiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch 1294-3032013Proto-Indo-European *a10.1163/22125892-00701002TijmenPronkIndo-European Linguistics71122-16320192026-07-29T02:13:22Zhttps://brill.com/view/journals/ieul/7/1/article-p122_4.xmlISSN: 2212-5884, 2212-5892A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged. 2nd ed.Douglas Q.AdamsAmsterdam/New YorkRodopi2013𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬧𐬙swift; racehorse*h₁er-to reach, arrive at, encounter*h₂er-to fit together, adjust; make readyārwerready, prepared; eager, willingārwarready, prepared; eager, willing*h₃er-to move, stir; to rise, spring𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀swift, courageous
adja-stemready, prepared; quick, swiftProbably from pre-Germanic *h₂erwós, an adjective based on the u-stem *h₂er-u- from Proto-Indo-European root *h₂er-, with a semantic development ‘properly fitted, prepared’ > ‘ready’ and thence ‘quick, prompt’. This analysis is supported especially by Tocharian A ārwar and Tocharian B ārwer, although the precise derivation of the Tocharian forms is disputed Adams 2013: 56–57Kroonen 2013: s.v. *arwa-Pronk 2013: 294–96Pronk 2019: 130. Pronk proposes that the Germanic adjective directly continues *h₂er-u-o- and cautions against treating Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬧𐬙 and 𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 as secure cognates: the Iranian words may instead be inner-Indo-Iranian derivatives of *h₁er- or *h₃er-. Derivation from *h₂er- is preferable, but the wider Indo-European comparison remains uncertain. See also *garwaz.