Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *arþrąScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_arþrą
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
The development of the Proto-Indo-European instrumental suffix in GermanicGuusKroonenIndogermanische Forschungen1221105–1102017Indo-European cereal terminology suggests a Northwest Pontic homeland for the core Indo-European languagesGuusKroonenAnthonyJakobAxel I.PalmérPaulusvan SluisAndrewWigmanPLOS ONE171002757442022The Proto-Indo-European Instrument Noun Suffix and its Variants. Historisk-filosofiske Meddelelser 55Birgit A.OlsenDet Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab1988Nomina im indogermanischen LexikonDagmar S.WodtkoBrittaIrslingerCarolinSchneiderUniversitätsverlag Winter2008Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7)Michielde VaanBrill2008The plough and its parts in Western EuropeMichaelWeissRomain GarnierLoanwords and substrata: Proceedings of the colloquium held in Limoges (5th–7th June, 2018)InnsbruckInstitut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck481–5002020*-tro-mforms nouns denoting a tool or instrument.*h₂erh₃-to plowἄροτρονplowարաւրplowaratharplowaradrplowarātrumplow*h₂érh₃-tro-mplow, ard
nounneutera-stemplow; ard, scratch plowFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃-tro-m, a neuter instrument noun from *h₂erh₃- + *-tro-m; Kroonen 2017: 105–10Kroonen et al. 2022: 45Weiss 2020: 484–85Wodtko et al. 2008: 323. The *-tro- variant is expected after a root containing a liquid Olsen 1988: 12, 16. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄροτρον, Old Armenian արաւր, Old Irish arathar, and Welsh aradr; Latin arātrum was remodeled after the verbal present stem de Vaan 2008: s.v. arō, -āre.