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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *Audarīks</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_audarīks</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
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    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="koch2020" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/TP2TCBZY">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">CELTO-GERMANIC Later Prehistory and Post-Proto-Indo-European vocabulary in the North and West</title>
            <author>
              <forename>John T.</forename>
              <surname>Koch</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Canolfan Uwchefrydiau Cymreig a Cheltaidd Prifysgol Cymru</publisher>
              <date>2020</date>
              <note type="accessed">2026-07-24T20:45:04Z</note>
              <note type="url">https://www.academia.edu/44802752/CELTO_GERMANIC_Later_Prehistory_and_Post_Proto_Indo_European_vocabulary_in_the_North_and_West</note>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="kroonen2013" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/MPLRUGJF">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11)</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Guus</forename>
              <surname>Kroonen</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2013</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="forstemann1900">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Altdeutsches Namenbuch. Vol. 1: Personennamen. 2nd completely revised edition</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Ernst</forename>
              <surname>Förstemann</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <pubPlace>Bonn</pubPlace>
              <publisher>P. Hanstein</publisher>
              <date>1900</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_h3regs" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*h₃rḗǵs</orth>
          <def>king</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_cel-x-proto_rixs_rikhs" xml:lang="cel-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*rīxs ~ *rīχs</orth>
          <def>king</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_audariks" type="propn" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/Audarīks">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>Audarīks</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɑu̯.ðɑ.ˌriːks</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚨᚢᛞᚨᚱᛁᚲᛊ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>propn</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">consonant stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>a male given name</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_audaz"><ref target="#pgmc_audaz">*audaz</ref></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_riks"><ref target="#pgmc_riks">*rīks</ref></mentioned>, a Germanic dithematic personal name. The name is reflected by Old English <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Ēadrīc</mentioned>, Old High German <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Ōtrih</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Ōtric</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Ōtrich</mentioned>, Old Norse <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Auðríkr</mentioned>, and Latinized <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Audericus</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Audricus</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">Autricus</mentioned>, confirming an early Germanic formation <bibl corresp="#forstemann1900" n="200, s.v. Audericus">Förstemann 1900: 200, s.v. Audericus</bibl>. The second element <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_riks"><ref target="#pgmc_riks">*rīks</ref></mentioned> was borrowed in pre-Germanic from Proto-Celtic <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_cel-x-proto_rixs_rikhs"><ref target="#cog_cel-x-proto_rixs_rikhs">*rīxs ~ *rīχs</ref></mentioned>, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_h3regs"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_h3regs">*h₃rḗǵs</ref></mentioned> <bibl corresp="#koch2020" n="93">Koch 2020: 93</bibl> <bibl corresp="#kroonen2013" n="412–13">Kroonen 2013: 412–13</bibl>.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>Audarīks</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>Audarīkų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>Audarīkiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>Audarīki</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>Audarīkē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>Audarīk</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Audarīk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                    <orth>Audericus, Odricus, Otricus</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>Ōtrih, Ōtric, Ōtrich</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Audarīk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>Ēadrīc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>Edrick, Edric</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>Auðríkr</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
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