<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *azanōną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_azanōną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="lloyd1988" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/ACDVS4LZ">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch [Old High German dictionary</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Albert L.</forename>
              <surname>Lloyd</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Otto</forename>
              <surname>Springer</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Vandenhoeck &amp; Ruprecht</publisher>
              <biblScope unit="volume">Vols. 1–5</biblScope>
              <date>1988</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="orel2003" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/U6EVGQ9E">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">A Handbook of Germanic Etymology</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Vladimir</forename>
              <surname>Orel</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2003</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_goh_arnon" xml:lang="goh" type="reflex">
          <orth>arnōn</orth>
          <def>to harvest</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_azanona" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/azanōną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>azanōną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɑ.zɑ.nɔː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚨᛉᚨᚾᛟᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to harvest, reap</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">A denominative of the Germanic harvest word represented by <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_azaniz"><ref target="#pgmc_azaniz">*azaniz</ref></mentioned>, with <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_ona"><ref target="#pgmc_ona">*-ōną</ref></mentioned>. Compare Old High German <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_goh_arnon"><ref target="#cog_goh_arnon">arnōn</ref></mentioned>, directly attested as a Weak class 2 verb <bibl corresp="#lloyd1988" n="s.v. arnôn">Lloyd &amp; Springer 1988: s.v. arnôn</bibl>. The absence of the medial vowel in <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_goh_arnon"><ref target="#cog_goh_arnon">arnōn</ref></mentioned> points to a zero-grade Germanic stem <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*azn-</mentioned> beside <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*azani-</mentioned>, so an earlier reconstruction <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*aznōną</mentioned> next to analogically regularized <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*azanōną </mentioned>is also possible <bibl corresp="#lloyd1988" n="s.v. aran">Lloyd &amp; Springer 1988: s.v. aran</bibl> <bibl corresp="#orel2003" n="31">Orel 2003: 31</bibl>.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>azanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>azanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>azanōsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>azanōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>azanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>azanōþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>azanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>azanōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>azanōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>azanōw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>azanōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>azanōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>azanōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>azanōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>azanōm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>azanōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>azanōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>azanōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>azanōnþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>azanōn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>azanōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>azanōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>azanōsai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>azanōsau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>azanōþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>azanōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>azanōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>azanōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>azanōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>azanōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>azanōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>azanōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>azanōdǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>azanōdēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>azanōdēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>azanōdēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>azanōdē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>azanōdēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>azanōdēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>azanōdēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>azanōdēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>azanōdēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>azanōdēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>azanōdēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>azanōdēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>azanōdēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>azanōdēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>azanōdēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>azanōną</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>azanōndz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>azanōdaz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*aʀanōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>aranōn</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*aʀanōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>earnian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>ernen, arne, erne, earniæn, earnin, ernien</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>earn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>earn</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*aʀanōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>arnōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>arnen, ernen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>ernten</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*aʀanōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>aran</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>ernen</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>anna, ǫnna</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>anna</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
