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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *bakaburdaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_bakaburdaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_bakaburdaz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bakaburdaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>bakaburdaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbɑ.kɑ.ˌbur.ðɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᚨᚲᚨᛒᚢᚱᛞᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>The larboard side of a ship, backboard.</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *baką (‘back, rear’)+ *burdaz, a variant of Proto-Germanic *burdą (‘board’). So named as the steersman's back is toward this side of the vessel when facing the fore.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>bakaburdaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>bakaburdōz, bakaburdōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>bakaburdą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>bakaburdanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>bakaburdas, bakaburdis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>bakaburdǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>bakaburdai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>bakaburdamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>bakaburdō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>bakaburdamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>bakaburd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>bakaburdōz, bakaburdōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bakabord</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>bæcbord</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>*bakbord</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>backboard</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>backburd</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bakabord</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*bakbord</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>backbort, bakbōrt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Backbord</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Backboord</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>Bakboud</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>bakboard</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bakabord</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*bakbord</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>backbort, bakbōrt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>*bakbord</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>bakboord</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bakabord</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*bakbord</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>backbort, bakbōrt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>*bakbord</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Middle French</lang>
                          <orth>babort</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>French</lang>
                            <orth>bâbord</orth>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Italian</lang>
                              <orth>babordo</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Portuguese</lang>
                              <orth>babordo, bombordo</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Scots</lang>
                              <orth>baburd, babord</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Spanish</lang>
                              <orth>babor</orth>
                            </form>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>bakborð, bakborði</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>bagbord</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>bakborð</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>bakborð, bakborði</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>bakbord</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>babord</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
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