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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *bandą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_bandą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ave_bando" xml:lang="ave" type="cognate">
          <orth>𐬠𐬀𐬥𐬛𐬋</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>bandō</orth>
          </form>
          <def>bond, fetter</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_funda" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>funda</orth>
          <def>hand-sling</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_bandhana" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>बन्धन</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>bandhana</orth>
          </form>
          <def>bond, fetter, tie</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_banda" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bandą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>bandą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbɑn.dɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᚨᚾᛞᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>band, bond</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *bʰondʰ-ó-m from an o-grade form of root *bʰendʰ- (‘to bind, bond’). While there are other variants meaning ‘band/bond’ (cf. * bandī, *bandiz), this particular a-stem variant is legitimized based on the reflexes of *dauþubandą (‘death-bond’) in North and West Proto-Germanic. The lack of i-mutation in both indicates a non-i-stem constituent. Cognate with Younger Avestan <mentioned xml:lang="ave" target="#cog_ave_bando"><ref target="#cog_ave_bando">𐬠𐬀𐬥𐬛𐬋</ref></mentioned> (bandō, ‘bond, fetter’), Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_funda"><ref target="#cog_lat_funda">funda</ref></mentioned> (‘hand-sling’), Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_bandhana"><ref target="#cog_san_bandhana">बन्धन</ref></mentioned> (bandhana, ‘bond, fetter, tie’). Related to *bindaną (‘to bind, tie’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>bandą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>bandō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>bandą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>bandō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>bandas, bandis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>bandǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>bandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>bandamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>bandō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>bandamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>bandą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>bandō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*band</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>band</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>band</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*band</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>beand</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>band</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*band</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>bend</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*band</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>bant, pand</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*band</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>band</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>band</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>band</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>band</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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