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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *bankiz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_bankiz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_banga" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>bangà</orth>
          <def>wave, billow</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_bankiz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bankiz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>bankiz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbɑŋ.kiz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᚨᚾᚲᛁᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">i-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>a raised surface; bulge; hillock; slope</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>bench</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *bʰóng-i-s ~ *bʰn̥g-éy-s, from *bʰ-né-g-ti ~ *bʰ-n̥-g-énti, a nasal-infixed present of root *bʰeg- (‘to bend, curve, arch’). Cognate with Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_banga"><ref target="#cog_lit_banga">bangà</ref></mentioned> (‘wave, billow’), related to *bankô (‘bank, embankment, hill’), *bunkô (‘bump, lump; heap, pile; crowd’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>bankiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>bankīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>bankį</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>bankinz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>bankīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>bankijǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>bankī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>bankimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>bankī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>bankimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>banki</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>bankīz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*banc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>banc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>bank</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*banc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>banc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>bank</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>bank</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>benċ, bænc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>benk, bench, bynk, benche, banch, binch, binche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>bench</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>bink, benk</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>bank, benk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Boank, Bank</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>bank</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>bank</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                      <orth>bancus, banca</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>bank</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>banc, bank</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Bånk</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Bank</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Bänk</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Pennsylvania German</lang>
                        <orth>Bank</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>bank</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>bank</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old East Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*bænkʀ</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>benk</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old East Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*bænkʀ</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>bænk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>bænk</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>benk</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old East Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*bænkʀ</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>bænker</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Finnish</lang>
                      <orth>penkki</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>bänk</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old West Norse</lang>
                  <orth>bekkr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>bekkur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>bekkur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>bekk</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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