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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *bankô</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_bankô</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_banga" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>bangà</orth>
          <def>wave, billow</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_banko" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bankô">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>bankô</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbɑŋ.kɔːː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᚨᚾᚲᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">an-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>bank, embankment</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>a hill</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">A deverbal n-stem noun, <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*bʰóng-ō ~</mentioned>*bʰn̥g-n-és, from Proto-Indo-European verb *bʰ-né-g-ti ~ *bʰ-n̥-g-énti, a nasal-infixed present of root *bʰeg- (‘to bend, curve, arch’). Cognate with Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_banga"><ref target="#cog_lit_banga">bangà</ref></mentioned> (‘wave, billow’), related to *bankiz (‘a raised surface; bulge; hillock; slope; bench’), *bunkô (‘bump, lump; heap, pile; crowd’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>bankô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>bankaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>bankanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>bankanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>bankiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>bankanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>bankini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>bankammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>bankinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>bankammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>bankô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>bankaniz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bankō</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>*banca, hōbanca</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>banke, bank</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>bank</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>bank</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>bakki, banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>bakki</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>bakki</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>bakke, bakki, bakka, bakk</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>bakki, banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>bakkæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>bakke, banke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Greenlandic</lang>
                        <orth>bakki</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>bakke, banke</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                        <orth>banke</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>bakki, banki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>bakke, banke</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>backe, bank</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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