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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *barmaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_barmaz_1</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_phormos" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>φορμός</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>phormós</orth>
          </form>
          <def>basket for carrying</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_barmaz_1" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/barmaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>barmaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbɑr.mɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᚨᚱᛗᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>lap</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>bosom</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *bʰór-mó-s, from *bʰer- (‘to bear, carry’) + <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-mó-</mentioned>(creates action/result nouns from verb stems). Cognate with Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_phormos"><ref target="#cog_grc_phormos">φορμός</ref></mentioned> (phormós, ‘basket for carrying’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>barmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>barmōz, barmōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>barmą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>barmanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>barmas, barmis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>barmǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>barmai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>barmamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>barmō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>barmamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>barm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>barmōz, barmōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*barm</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>bearm</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>barm, bærm, bearm, berm, barme, barym</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>barm</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>berme, berm, barm</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*barm</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*barm</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>barmbracco</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*barm</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>barm</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>barm, barn, parm</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Barm</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*barm</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>barm</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>barme</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>baðmr, barmr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>barm</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>barmur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>baðmur, barmur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>barm</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>barm</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>barm</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 (barms)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>*parmas</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
