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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *batiz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_batiz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_cym_bodd" xml:lang="cym" type="cognate">
          <orth>bodd</orth>
          <def>enjoyment, contentment, satisfaction</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_bhadra" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>भद्र</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>bhadrá</orth>
          </form>
          <def>blessed, good, excellent</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_batiz" type="adverb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/batiz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>batiz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbɑ.tiz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᚨᛏᛁᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adverb</pos>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>comparative degree of *wela (‘well (in a good manner)’)</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Derived from Proto-Indo-European bʰód-i-s, an o-grade intensive of root *bʰed- (‘to improve, make better’). Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_bhadra"><ref target="#cog_san_bhadra">भद्र</ref></mentioned> (bhadrá, ‘blessed, good, excellent’), Albanian betë (‘great’), Welsh <mentioned xml:lang="cym" target="#cog_cym_bodd"><ref target="#cog_cym_bodd">bodd</ref></mentioned> (‘enjoyment, contentment, satisfaction’). Used in the Germanic languages in its comparative and superlative forms for “well” (including English "better", "best") and used as a root in other terms.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bat, *bet</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>bet</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>bet, bett, bette</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>bet, bett (obsolete)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bat, *bet</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>bet</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>bat, bet</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>bet, bat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>bet</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>bat, bet</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>bet, bat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*bat, *bet</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>bat, bet</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>bet, bat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bat, *bet</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>baz</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>baz</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>bass</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>betr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>betur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>betur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>beter</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>bæter</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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