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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *blasaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_blasaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_bhel_x2" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*bʰel-</orth>
          <def>to blow, swell up</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_blasaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blasaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>blasaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈblɑ.sɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᛚᚨᛊᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>white, pale (of animals)</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Probably from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_bhel_x2"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_bhel_x2">*bʰel-</ref></mentioned> (‘to blaze; glow; bright flame; white’), but the exact formation is uncertain. A plausible speculative analysis derives the word from a zero-grade preform *bʰl̥- with an old adjectival <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-s-</mentioned>extension, e.g. pre-Germanic **bʰl̥-s-ó-s. This would fit both the Proto-Germanic vocalism and the semantics suggested by Greek φάλαρος (phắlāros, ‘having a patch of white or a white spot’) and later Proto-Germanic forms referring to a white blaze or forehead-mark on animals (e.g. Old Norse blesi, Dutch bles, English blaze, all based on a further derivation from *blasaz). The original sense may therefore have been ‘white-marked, blaze-marked’, only later generalized to ‘pale, whitish’.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>blasaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>blasaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>blasaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>blasammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>blasōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>blasammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*blas</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>blas</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>blas</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>blass, blaß</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*blas</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>blas</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vorblassen, vörblassen, vörblessen</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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