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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *blewwaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_blewwaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_blewwana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blewwaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>blewwaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈblew.wɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᛚᛖᚹᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to beat</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewh₁-e/o-, from root *bʰlewh₁- though there are no other secure Indo-European cognates. For theoretical form, compare *kewwaną &lt; *ǵyewh₁-, *brewwaną &lt; *brewh₁-. Derivations from a root starting in *ml- seem an unlikely phonological stretch.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>blewwō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>blewwaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>blewwai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>bliwwizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>blewwaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>bleww</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>blewwazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>blewwaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>bliwwidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>blewwai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>blewwadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>blewwadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>blewwaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>blewwōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>blewwaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>blewwadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>blewwaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>blewwadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>blewwamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>blewwaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>blewwandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>blewwaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>bliwwid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>blewwaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>bliwwid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>blewwandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>blewwaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>blewwandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>blewwain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>blewwandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>blewwandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>blewwaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>blau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>bluwį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>blaut</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>bluwīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>blau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>bluwī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>bluwū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>bluwīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>bluwudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>bluwīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>bluwum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>bluwīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>bluwud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>bluwīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>bluwun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>bluwīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>blewwandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>bluwanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>blewwaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bleuwan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*bliuwan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>blouwen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>blouwen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bleuwan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>bliuwan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>bliuwen, blūwen, blouwen, bliugen, pliuwen, pliugen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>bleuen, bläuen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bleuwan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>bliuwan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>blǖwen, bluwen</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bleuwan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>bliuwan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>blēwe, blowe, blaw</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>blow</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>blaw</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌱𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽 (bliggwan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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