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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *brutą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_brutą_1</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="pokorny1959" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/7PPDZBL9">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Julius</forename>
              <surname>Pokorny</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Francke Verlag</publisher>
              <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>
              <date>1959</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_bruta_1" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>brutą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbru.tɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>brutjo</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>that which is broken off (e.g. piece, fragment, etc.)</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>that which breaks forth (e.g. sprout, bud, etc.)</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *bʰru-d-o-m, a zero-grade noun from root *bʰrewd- (‘to bud’), which <bibl corresp="#pokorny1959">Pokorny 1959</bibl> treats as a d-extension of *bʰrew- (‘destroy, break’). Compare the s-extension *bʰrews- (‘to break’). Related to *breutaną (‘to destroy, crush, break (open), bud’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>brutą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>brutō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>brutą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>brutō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>brutas, brutis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>brutǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>brutai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>brutamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>brutō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>brutamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>brutą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>brutō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*brot</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>*brot</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>*brot</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>brot</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>brot, brat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*brot</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>broz</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>broz</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Bross</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*brot</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*brot</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>brot</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>brot</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>brot</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>brot</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>brott</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>brot</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>brud</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>brudd</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>brot</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>brot, brott</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>brott</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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