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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *burjaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_burjaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_burjana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burjaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>burjaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbur.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᚢᚱᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to lift up; levy</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to be seemly; be fitting</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥-yé/ó-, a zero-grade ye-present of root *bʰer- (‘to bear, carry, bring’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>burjō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>burjaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>burjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>burisi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>burjais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>buri</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>burjasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>burjaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>buriþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>burjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>burjaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>burjaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>burjaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>burjōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>burjaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>burjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>burjaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>burjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>burjamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>burjaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>burjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>burjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>buriþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>burjaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>buriþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>burjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>burjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>burjanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>burjain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>burjanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>burjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>burjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>buridǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>buridēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>buridēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>buridēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>buridē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>buridēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>buridēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>buridēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>buridēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>buridēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>buridēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>buridēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>buridēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>buridēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>buridēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>buridēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>burjandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>buridaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>burjaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*burjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*burien</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>bueren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>beure, bäöre</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*burjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*burien</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>bueren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>beuren</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>beur</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*burjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>byrian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>birren, biren</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*burjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>bera</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*burjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>burien, burren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>bürn</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*burjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>burian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>boren, bören</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>böhren</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>byrja</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>byrja</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>byrja</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>børje</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>byrja, bydja, byrre, børja, børje</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>byrja</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>byriæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>børje, burde</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>byrja</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>byria</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>börja</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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