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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *bōþlą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_bōþlą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="orel2003" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/U6EVGQ9E">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">A Handbook of Germanic Etymology</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Vladimir</forename>
              <surname>Orel</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2003</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="philippa2003" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/CEJBCPTV">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Marlies</forename>
              <surname>Philippa</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Frans</forename>
              <surname>Debrabandere</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Arend</forename>
              <surname>Quak</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Tanneke</forename>
              <surname>Schoonheim</surname>
            </author>
            <author>
              <forename>Nicoline</forename>
              <surname>Sijs</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Amsterdam University Press</publisher>
              <date>2003</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_bhuh" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*bʰuH-</orth>
          <def>to be, become, grow, appear</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_bothla" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōþlą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>bōþlą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈbɔːθ.lɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛒᛟᚦᛚᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>house, dwelling</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Possibly from *būwijaną (‘to settle, inhabit’) + <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-þlą</mentioned> (forms nouns denoting a tool or instrument) <bibl corresp="#orel2003">Orel 2003</bibl>, or perhaps from *bōþō (‘building, dwelling’) + <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-(i)lą</mentioned> (forms nouns of diminutive connotation) <bibl corresp="#philippa2003">Philippa et al. 2003</bibl>. Both of these ultimately derivations of Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_bhuh"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_bhuh">*bʰuH-</ref></mentioned> (‘to be, grow’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>bōþlą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>bōþlō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>bōþlą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>bōþlō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>bōþlas, bōþlis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>bōþlǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>bōþlai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>bōþlamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>bōþlō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>bōþlamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>bōþlą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>bōþlō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bōþl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*buothal</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>boedel, bodel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>boedel, boel</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>boedel, boel</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>English</lang>
                          <orth>boodle</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bōþl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>botl, botel, bold</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>bottle, botle, buttle</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>bottle</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bōþl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>bōdel, bōld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>bol, boel, böl</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>bûdel, bôdel</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>boel</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*bōþl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>bōdal</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>bôdel, bôl</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ból</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>bol</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ból</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ból</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>bol</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ból</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>bōl</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>bol</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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