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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *daubijaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_daubijaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_daubijana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/daubijaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>daubijaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈdɑu̯.βi.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛞᚨᚢᛒᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to make insensitive, to numb</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to deafen</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *daubaz (‘deaf, numb’) + <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-(i)janą</mentioned>(causative suffix forming Weak class 1 verbs). </seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>daubijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>daubijaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>daubijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>daubīsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>daubijais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>daubī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>daubijasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>daubijaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>daubīþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>daubijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>daubijaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>daubijaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>daubijaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>daubijōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>daubijaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>daubijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>daubijaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>daubijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>daubijamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>daubijaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>daubijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>daubijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>daubīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>daubijaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>daubīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>daubijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>daubijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>daubijanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>daubijain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>daubijanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>daubijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>daubijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>daubidǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>daubidēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>daubidēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>daubidēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>daubidē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>daubidēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>daubidēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>daubidēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>daubidēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>daubidēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>daubidēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>daubidēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>daubidēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>daubidēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>daubidēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>daubidēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>daubijandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>daubidaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>daubijaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*daubijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*dōven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>dôven</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>doven</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                          <orth>dôvje, doovje, dove</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*daubijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>dīefan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>dēven</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>deafen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>deave</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*daubijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*touben</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old High German</lang>
                      <orth>gitouben</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*daubijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*touben</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>töuben</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>täuben</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*daubijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*dōfian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>dȫven</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>deyfa</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>deyfa</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>døyva</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>döva, bedöva</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*daubjan)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gothic</lang>
                    <orth>𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gadaubjan)</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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