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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *dimmaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_dimmaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_dimmaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dimmaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>dimmaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈdim.mɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛞᛁᛗᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>dim</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>gloomy</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *dʰemH-ó-s from root *dʰemH- (‘to whisk, smoke, blow; dust, haze, cloud; obscure’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>dimmaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>dimmaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>dimmaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimmô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimmô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimmaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimmōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimmanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimmô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimmanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimmōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimminiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimminiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimmanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimmanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimmini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimmini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimmammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimmammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimminē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimminē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>dimmammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>dimmōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>dimmammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dim, *dimr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>dimm, dim</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*dimm, thimm, thim</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dimm, *dimr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>dimm, dim</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>dim</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>dim</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>dim</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dimm, *dimr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>timbar, *dimr, *dimzaz</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>timber</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>dumper</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>dimper</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>dimmr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>dim</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>dimmur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>dimmur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>dimm, dim</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>dimber</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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