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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *drankiz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_drankiz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_dhreng" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*dʰrenǵ-</orth>
          <def>to draw into one's mouth, sip, gulp</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_drankiz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drankiz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>drankiz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈdrɑŋ.kiz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛞᚱᚨᚾᚲᛁᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">i-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>drink; dose; potion</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrónǵ-is, from an o-grade form of Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_dhreng"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_dhreng">root *dʰrenǵ-</ref></mentioned> (‘to draw into one's mouth, sip, gulp’), nasalized variant of *dʰreǵ- (‘to pull, draw, drag’), a nominalized form of *drinkaną (‘to drink’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>drankiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>drankīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>drankį</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>drankinz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>drankīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>drankijǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>drankī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>drankimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>drankī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>drankimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>dranki</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>drankīz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*drank, *dranki, *dranku</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*drank, dranc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>dranc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>drank</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*drank, *dranki, *dranku</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*drank, dranc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>dranc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>drank</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>drank</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*drank, *dranki, *dranku</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>drenċ, drænċ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>drænc, drenke, drench</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>drench</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>drenk</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*drank, *dranki, *dranku</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>drank, dronk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Dronk</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>drank</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*drank, *dranki, *dranku</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>trank, tranch</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>tranc, getrenke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Trank, Getränk</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*drank, *dranki, *dranku</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>drank</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>drank</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Drank</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌺 (draggk), 𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺 (dragk)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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