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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *drunkiz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_drunkiz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
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    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_drunkiz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drunkiz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>drunkiz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈdruŋ.kiz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛞᚱᚢᚾᚲᛁᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">i-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>drink</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrn̥ǵ-i-s, from a zero-grade form of root *dʰrenǵ- (‘to draw into one's mouth, sip, gulp’), a nasalized variant of *dʰreǵ- (‘to pull, draw, drag’). There are no secure cognates outside of Proto-Germanic. Related to *drinkaną (‘to drink’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>drunkiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>drunkīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>drunkį</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>drunkinz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>drunkīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>drunkijǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>drunkī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>drunkimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>drunkī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>drunkimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>drunki</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>drunkīz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>*drunc, drunk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>dronc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>dronk</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                        <orth>dronk</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old English</lang>
                  <orth>drynċ</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>drinche, drink, drinke, drunch</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>drink</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>trunk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                    <orth>trunc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German</lang>
                      <orth>Trunk</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>*drunk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>drunk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Low German</lang>
                      <orth>Drunk</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>drykkr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>drykkur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>drykkur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>drykk, drykk’e</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>drykkr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>drik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>drikk</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>drykkr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>drykker</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>dryck</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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