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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *Dōnawjaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_dōnawjaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_danouios" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>Δανούιος</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>Danoúios</orth>
          </form>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_deh2nu" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*déh₂nu</orth>
          <def>river goddess</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_donawjaz" type="propn" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/Dōnawjaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>Dōnawjaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈdɔː.ˌnɑu̯.jɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛞᛟᚾᚨᚹᛃᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>propn</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ja-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>the river Danube</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Borrowed from Proto-Celtic *Dānowyos, an extended form of the river-name *Dānu, from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_deh2nu"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_deh2nu">*déh₂nu</ref></mentioned> (‘river goddess’), akin to *dʰenh₂- (‘to set in motion; to flow’). The Celtic name is also the source of Latin Dānuvius, Dānubius and Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_danouios"><ref target="#cog_grc_danouios">Δανούιος</ref></mentioned> (Danoúios) and Δανούβιος (Danoúbios). *Dōnawjaz was reinterpreted as a feminine ōn-stem in West Proto-Germanic.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>Dōnawjaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>Dōnawją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>Dōnawjas, Dōnawis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>Dōnawjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>Dōnawjō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>Dōnawi</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>Denouwe</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                  <orth>Dônouw, Dônouwe, Dunouw, Dunouwe</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old English</lang>
                  <orth>Dōnua</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Dónua</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>Tuonouwa, Duonowa, Tuonouwe</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                    <orth>Tuonouwe, Tuonowe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>Tuonawe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                        <orth>Tunaw</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>Tuonouwa, Duonowa, Tuonouwe</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                    <orth>Tuonouwe, Tuonowe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>Tuonawe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Tonaw</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>Tonau</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>Tuonouwa, Duonowa, Tuonouwe</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                    <orth>Tuonouwe, Tuonowe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>Tuonawe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Tonaw</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>Donaw</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>German</lang>
                            <orth>Donau</orth>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Danish</lang>
                              <orth>Donau</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Dutch</lang>
                              <orth>Donau</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                              <orth>Dóná</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Low German</lang>
                              <orth>Donau</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                              <orth>Donau</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                              <orth>Donau</orth>
                            </form>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Swedish</lang>
                              <orth>Donau</orth>
                            </form>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌹 (*dōnawi)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Ancient Greek</lang>
                    <orth>Δούναβις (Doúnabis)</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Proto-Slavic</lang>
                    <orth>*Dunavь</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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