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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *dōną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_dōną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_dona" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dōną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>dōną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈdɔː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛞᛟᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Irregular</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to do, make</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to put, place</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From two related Proto-Indo-European verbs from root *dʰeh₁- (‘to do; put, place’).:</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>dōmi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>dǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>dōsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>dōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>dō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>dōþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>dō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>dōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>dōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>dōw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>dōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>dōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>dōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>dōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>dōm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>dōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>dōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>dōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>dōnþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>dōn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>dōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>dedǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>dēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>dedēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>dēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>dedē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>dēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>dēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>dēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>dēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>dēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>dēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>dēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>dēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>dēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>dēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>dēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>dōndz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>dēnaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>dōną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>duon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>doen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>doon</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>duon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>doen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>doen</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>doen</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>dōn, doan, doa, doæ, doe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>don, do, donne, doon, doyn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>do</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>dae, dee</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>dwā, dwān, duān, duā, dūa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>dwo</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>dwaan</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>tuon, duon, duan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>tuon, tûn, tôn, duon, dûn, dôn, tœn, tain, tuogen, tuomen, thoenen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>tue, due, tuä</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>doa</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>tun</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Pennsylvania German</lang>
                        <orth>duh</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>טאָן (ton)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>tuon, duon, duan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>tuon, tûn, tôn, duon, dûn, dôn, tœn, tain, tuogen, tuomen, thoenen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>donn, don, dun</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Kölsch</lang>
                          <orth>dunn</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>doen</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*dōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>dōn, doan, dūan, duon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>dôn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>deoen, dohn, doon</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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