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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *fehu</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_fehu</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ave_pasu" xml:lang="ave" type="cognate">
          <orth>𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>pasu</orth>
          </form>
          <def>livestock</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_peku" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*péḱu</orth>
          <def>livestock</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_pecu" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>pecū</orth>
          <def>cattle; domestic animals</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_prg_pecku" xml:lang="prg" type="cognate">
          <orth>pecku</orth>
          <def>cattle</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_pasu_pasu" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>पशु</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>páśu, paśú;</orth>
          </form>
          <def>cattle, kine; any domesticated animal</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_fehu" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fehu">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>fehu</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸe.xu</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛖᚺᚢ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">u-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>livestock, cattle</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>property, wealth</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="3">
            <def>name of the rune ᚠ (f)</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_peku"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_peku">*péḱu</ref></mentioned> (‘livestock’), a u-stem of root *peḱ- (‘wealth; livestock’), likely related to the identical stem meaning ‘to pluck (wool, hair)’). Cognates are Old Armenian ասր (asr, ‘fleece, wool’), Old Prussian <mentioned xml:lang="prg" target="#cog_prg_pecku"><ref target="#cog_prg_pecku">pecku</ref></mentioned> (‘cattle’), Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_pasu_pasu"><ref target="#cog_san_pasu_pasu">पशु</ref></mentioned> (páśu, paśú;, ‘cattle, kine; any domesticated animal’), Avestan <mentioned xml:lang="ave" target="#cog_ave_pasu"><ref target="#cog_ave_pasu">𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎</ref></mentioned> (pasu, ‘livestock’), and Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_pecu"><ref target="#cog_lat_pecu">pecū</ref></mentioned> (‘cattle; domestic animals’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>fehu</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>fehu</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>fehauz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>fehiwi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>fehū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>fehu</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fehu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>fē, fio, fiu</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>vêe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>vieë, vieëch</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fehu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>fē, fio, fiu</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>vêe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>vee</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>vee</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fehu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>feoh, fioh, feh</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>feh, fe, fee</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>fee</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>fe, fee, fiel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fehu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>fia</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Fäi</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fee</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fehu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>fihu</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vihe, vëhe, vich, viech, vech, vie, vē</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Vëh</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Viech</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Vieh, Viech</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Véi</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>פֿיך (fikh)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fehu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>fehu, feho, feu</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vehe, veh, vê, vie</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Veeh, Veh, Veih</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                          <orth>Fee</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚠᛖᚺ (*feh), *ᚠᛖᚺᚢ (*fehu)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>fé</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>fæ</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>fæ</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>fé</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>fe</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>fe, fi</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚠᛖᚺ (*feh), *ᚠᛖᚺᚢ (*fehu)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>fé</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>fǣ</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>fä</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍉 (faihō), 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿 (faihu)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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