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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *felþuz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_felþuz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="widmer2004" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/ZVKZ6PSJ">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Das Korn des weiten Feldes. Interne Derivation, Derivationskette und Flexionsklassenhierarchie: Aspekte der nominalen Wortbildung im Urindogermanischen</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Paul</forename>
              <surname>Widmer</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck</publisher>
              <date>2004</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ave_p_r_thu" xml:lang="ave" type="cognate">
          <orth>𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬎</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>pərəθu-</orth>
          </form>
          <def>broad</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_platus" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>πλατύς</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>platús</orth>
          </form>
          <def>broad, flat</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_pelth2_u" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*pélth₂-u-</orth>
          <def>level surface, flatness</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_prthu" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>पृथु</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>pṛthú-</orth>
          </form>
          <def>broad, wide</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_felthuz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/felþuz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>felþuz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸel.θuz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛖᛚᚦᚢᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">u-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>field, plain</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_pelth2_u"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_pelth2_u">*pélth₂-u-</ref></mentioned> (‘level surface, flatness’), the e-grade stem of an o/e-acrostatic u-stem abstract *pólth₂-u ~ *pélth₂-u-s, derived from *pléth₂-u-s ~ *pl̥th₂-éu-s (‘broad, flat, level’), from root *pleth₂- (‘to spread out, become broad)’. Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_prthu"><ref target="#cog_san_prthu">पृथु</ref></mentioned> (pṛthú-, ‘broad, wide’), Avestan <mentioned xml:lang="ave" target="#cog_ave_p_r_thu"><ref target="#cog_ave_p_r_thu">𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬎</ref></mentioned> (pərəθu-, ‘broad’), and Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_platus"><ref target="#cog_grc_platus">πλατύς</ref></mentioned> (platús, ‘broad, flat’). The semantic development was ‘flat, level’ → ‘level surface, plain’ → ‘field, cultivated flat ground’ <bibl corresp="#widmer2004">Widmer 2004</bibl>.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>felþuz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>filþiwiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>felþų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>felþunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>felþauz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>filþiwǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>filþiwi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>felþumaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>felþū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>felþumiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>felþu</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>filþiwiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*felþ, *felþu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>felt, feld, ueld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>velt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>veld</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*felþ, *felþu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>felt, feld, ueld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>velt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>veld</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>veld</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>English</lang>
                            <orth>veld</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*felþ, *felþu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>feld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>feld, feeld</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>field</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>fielth, felth, feilth, feld, feild</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*felþ, *felþu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>feld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Fäild</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fjild</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*felþ, *felþu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>feld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vëlt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Fald</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Fejd</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Feld</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Fald, Feld, Fell</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>פֿעלד (feld)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*felþ, *felþu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>feld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>velt</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>felt</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Feld</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                        <orth>felt</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Feld</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                        <orth>felt</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>Felt</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>fält</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*fjalðr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>fialder</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>*pëlto</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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