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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *feþlą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_feþlą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="olsen1988" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/9FKAIUHP">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">The Proto-Indo-European Instrument Noun Suffix and its Variants. Historisk-filosofiske Meddelelser 55</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Birgit A.</forename>
              <surname>Olsen</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab</publisher>
              <date>1988</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_petalon" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>πέταλον</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>pétalon</orth>
          </form>
          <def>leaf of plant, flower, or tree</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_pattra" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>पत्त्र॑</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>páttra</orth>
          </form>
          <def>leaf of a particular fragrant plant, or a particular plant with fragrant leaves; leaf of a manuscript, leaf for writing on; paper, or leaf of paper</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_fethla" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/feþlą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>feþlą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸeθ.lɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛖᚦᛚᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>leaf</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *péth2-lo-m, from root *peth2- (‘to spread out; to fly’), likely from an early PIE *péth2-tlo-m, with instrument suffix <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-tlom</mentioned>, where the <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-t-</mentioned>was  assimilated by the root’s dental ending after the loss of the laryngeal <bibl corresp="#olsen1988">see Olsen 1988</bibl>. Cognate with Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_petalon"><ref target="#cog_grc_petalon">πέταλον</ref></mentioned> (pétalon, ‘leaf of plant, flower, or tree’) and a case which shows the original geminate <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-tt</mentioned>-, Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_pattra"><ref target="#cog_san_pattra">पत्त्र॑</ref></mentioned> (páttra, ‘leaf of a particular fragrant plant, or a particular plant with fragrant leaves; leaf of a manuscript, leaf for writing on; paper, or leaf of paper’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>feþlą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>feþlō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>feþlą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>feþlō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>feþlas, feþlis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>feþlǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>feþlai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>feþlamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>feþlō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>feþlamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>feþlą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>feþlō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*feþl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>fel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>vel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>vel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*feþl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>*fell, *fyll, goldfell, goldfyll</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*feþl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*fedel, fedelgold, pfedelgold, fedelgoldōn, pfedelgoldōn</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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