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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *finnaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_finnaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="journalArticle" xml:id="lindroth1917" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/7AAY4CLM">
          <analytic>
            <title level="a">Onomatologiska anmärkningar till T. E. Karstens Germanisch-finnische Lehnwortstudien</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Hjalmar</forename>
              <surname>Lindroth</surname>
            </author>
          </analytic>
          <monogr>
            <title level="j">Namn och bygd</title>
            <imprint>
              <biblScope unit="volume">5</biblScope>
              <biblScope unit="page">19-52</biblScope>
              <date>1917</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_finnaz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/finnaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>finnaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸin.nɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛁᚾᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>Sami</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Uncertain. <bibl corresp="#lindroth1917">Lindroth 1917</bibl> disputes the typical *finþaną (‘to find’) origin via an alleged agent noun meaning ‘seeker, wanderer, nomad’, as morphologically and historically doubtful: the earliest external forms, Tacitus’ Fenni and Ptolemy’s Φίννοι (phinnoi), point directly to *finn- rather than to an expected form with a dental at such an early stage of borrowing. The name may instead have originated as a northern Proto-Germanic personal name turned ethnonym based on, or secondarily associated with, a locality/terrain name: Finn- (cf. Danr/Dane, Eistr/Estonian), but regards the ultimate meaning as obscure.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>finnaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>finnōz, finnōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>finną</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>finnanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>finnas, finnis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>finnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>finnai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>finnamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>finnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>finnamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>finn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>finnōz, finnōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Finn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>Finn, Finnas</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>Fins</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>finnr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>finnur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>Finnur</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>finnr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>finn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>fin</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>finn</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>finnr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>finne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>finne</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>finnr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>finne, finnar</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>finne</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Finne</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                        <orth>finne</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Ancient Greek</lang>
                  <orth>Φίννος (Phínnos)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Late Latin</lang>
                  <orth>Fennus, Finnus</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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