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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *firhwijaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_firhwijaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_perk_x2" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*perḱ-</orth>
          <def>colored; speckled</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_yos" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*-yós</orth>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_firhwijaz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/firhwijaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>firhwijaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸir.xwi.jɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛁᚱᚺᚹᛁᛃᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ja-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>the living, men, people</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Probably derived from Proto-Germanic *ferhuz (‘body; life, being, existence; the world’) or *ferhwą (‘body, life’), with an agent/origin suffix <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*-ijaz</mentioned> &lt;PIE <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_yos"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_yos">*-yós</ref></mentioned>. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_perk_x2"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_perk_x2">root *perḱ-</ref></mentioned> (‘colored; speckled’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>firhwijaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>firhwijōz, firhwijōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>firhwiją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>firhwijanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>firhwijas, firhwīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>firhwijǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>firhwijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>firhwijamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>firhwijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>firhwijamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>firhwī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>firhwijōz, firhwijōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*firhwijō</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>fīras</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>firaha, fireo</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>fīrihos</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>fírar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>fírar, firar</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>firar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>fírar, firar</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Crimean Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>fers</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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