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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *flaihaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_flaihaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="ref2008" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/GYF28CWH">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Frysk hânwurdboek</title>
            <editor>
              <forename>Pieter</forename>
              <surname>Duijff</surname>
            </editor>
            <editor>
              <forename>Frits J.</forename>
              <surname>Kuip</surname>
            </editor>
            <editor>
              <forename>Rienk</forename>
              <surname>Haan</surname>
            </editor>
            <editor>
              <forename>Hindrik</forename>
              <surname>Sijens</surname>
            </editor>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Afûk, Fryske Akademy</publisher>
              <date>2008</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_flaihaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flaihaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>flaihaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸlɑi̯.xɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛚᚨᛁᚺᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>false, insidious</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From earlier *þlaihaz, of uncertain origin, but likely derived from *flaihaną (‘to comfort, entreat; to fondle, caress’). Reflexes of *flaihaną, such as Dutch vleien (‘insincere or exaggerated kindness, deception, deceit’ alongside ‘flattery’) (Philippa, et al. 2003–2009) and West Frisian flaaie, (‘to be excessively affectionate or friendly towards someone in order to gain favor’) <bibl corresp="#ref2008">Duijff et al. 2008</bibl> could easily lead to the sense of ‘false’ or ‘insidious’ in this term.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>flaihaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>flaihaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>flaihaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>flaihammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>flaihōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>flaihammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*flaih</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>flāh</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>flár</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>flár</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
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