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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *fleutaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_fleutaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="derksen2015" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/BW5GUN9K">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 13)</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Rick</forename>
              <surname>Derksen</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2015</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_plewd" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*plewd-</orth>
          <def>to fly, flow, run</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_flow_out_overflow" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>plū́sti</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>'flow out, overflow'</orth>
          </form>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_fleutana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fleutaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>fleutaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸleu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛚᛖᚢᛏᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to float, stream</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From pre-Germanic <mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto">*pléwd-e/o-,</mentioned> from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_plewd"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_plewd">*plewd-</ref></mentioned> (‘to fly, flow, run’), an extension of root *plew- (‘to fly, flow, run’). Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_flow_out_overflow"><ref target="#cog_lit_flow_out_overflow">plū́sti</ref></mentioned> ('flow out, overflow'), is a cognate <bibl corresp="#derksen2015">Derksen 2015</bibl>. Related to *fleutą (‘river, stream’), *fleutaz (‘nimble, quick’), *flutjaną (‘to move, flutter’), *flutōną (‘to float, drift’), *flutą (‘a body or mass of water; the movement of water; flowing’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>fleutō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>fleutaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>fleutai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fliutizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fleutaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fleut</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fleutazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fleutaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fliutidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fleutai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fleutadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fleutadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fleutaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>fleutōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>fleutaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>fleutadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>fleutaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>fleutadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fleutamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fleutaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fleutandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fleutaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fliutid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fleutaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fliutid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fleutandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fleutaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fleutandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fleutain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fleutandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fleutandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fleutaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>flaut</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>flutį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>flaust</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>flutīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>flaut</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>flutī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>flutū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>flutīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>flutudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>flutīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>flutum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>flutīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>flutud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>flutīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>flutun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>flutīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>fleutandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>flutanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>fleutaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fleutan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>flietan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>vlieten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>vlieten</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fleutan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>flēotan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>fleten, fleoten, flete, fleetyn, fleete</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>fleet</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>fleet</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fleutan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>fliāta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fljoote</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fleutan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>flioȥan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vlieȥen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>fließen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>fléissen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>פֿליסן (flisn)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fleutan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>fliotan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vlêten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>flieten</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>fljóta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>fljóta, flóta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>fljóta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>fljota, flyta</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>fljóta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>flytæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>flyde</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>flyte</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>fljóta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>flȳta, fliūta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>flyta</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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