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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *flikkiją</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_flikkiją</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblStruct xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="book" xml:id="van_beek2022" corresp="http://zotero.org/users/21108209/items/M8DPT6BL">
          <monogr>
            <title level="m">The Reflexes of Syllabic Liquids in Ancient Greek: Linguistic Prehistory of the Greek Dialects and Homeric Kunstsprache</title>
            <author>
              <forename>Lucien</forename>
              <surname>van Beek</surname>
            </author>
            <imprint>
              <publisher>Brill</publisher>
              <date>2022</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </listBibl>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_plax_x2" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>πλάξ</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>pláx</orth>
          </form>
          <def>anything flat and broad</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_flikkija" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flikkiją">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>flikkiją</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸlik.ki.jɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛚᛁᚲᛁᛃᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ja-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>piece of meat</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>side of bacon; flitch</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Seemingly a collective noun derived from *flekkaz (‘spot; mark; blemish’), but the semantics do not quite fit.  A better fit would be a connection with *flahaną (‘to skin, flay’) and *flaiski (‘meat, flesh’). Van <bibl corresp="#van_beek2022">Beek 2022</bibl> derives a root *plek- uniting *flahaną with Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_plax_x2"><ref target="#cog_grc_plax_x2">πλάξ</ref></mentioned> (pláx, ‘anything flat and broad’) that could form the basis for these related terms. The geminate -kk- could come from a Kluge’s Law derivation, *plek-nó-s or as an “expressive” formation (for more, see Lühr 1988)), creating an original homonym of *flekkaz which was then reformulated as a collective noun.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>flikkiją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>flikkijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>flikkiją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>flikkijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>flikkijas, flikkīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>flikkijǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>flikkijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>flikkijamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>flikkijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>flikkijamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>flikkiją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>flikkijō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*flikkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*flikki</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>vlicke, vlecke, vlec</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>vlik, vlek</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*flikkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>fliċċe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>flicche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>flitch</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>fleech</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*flikkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*flikki</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vlicke, vlek, vlecke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                        <orth>vlecke, vlec</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>flikki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>flikki</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>flikki</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>flikki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>flikke, flykke</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>flick</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>flake</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>*liikkijo</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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