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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *frawaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_frawaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_prew" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*prew-</orth>
          <def>to jump, hop</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_pravate" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>प्रवते</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>právate</orth>
          </form>
          <def>to jump, leap</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_frawaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frawaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>frawaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸrɑ.wɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᚱᚨᚹᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>happy</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>energetic</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Pre-Germanic *prow-os, likely from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_prew"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_prew">*prew-</ref></mentioned> (‘to jump, hop’). Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_pravate"><ref target="#cog_san_pravate">प्रवते</ref></mentioned> (právate, ‘to jump, leap’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>frawaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>frawaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>frawaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>frawammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>frawōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>frawammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frau</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>frē, frō</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frau</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*frō, frōlīk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>fro, vro, vroe</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frau</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>frō, frao, frāo</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vrō</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>froh</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Silesian East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>fruh</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frau</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>frō, frao, frāo</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vrō</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>froh</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                          <orth>fròo</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frau</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>frō, frao, frāo</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vrō</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>fruh, froh</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>frou</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frau</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>frā</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vrô</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>fro</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>froo</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>frár</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Dalian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>fróur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Helsingian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>frár, frór</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>frār</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>frór</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Dalian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>fróur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Helsingian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>frár, frór</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>frār</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 (*fraus)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>*rapëda</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
