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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *frijōną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_frijōną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_prihos" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*priHós</orth>
          <def>beloved</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sla-x-proto_prijati" xml:lang="sla-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*prijati</orth>
          <def>to please, favor</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_frijona" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frijōną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>frijōną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸri.jɔː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᚱᛁᛃᛟᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to love</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to free</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="3">
            <def>to like</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Derived from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_prihos"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_prihos">*priHós</ref></mentioned> (‘pleased, loved’). By surface analysis, *frijaz (‘free’) + *-ōną. Cognate with Proto-Slavic <mentioned xml:lang="sla-x-proto" target="#cog_sla-x-proto_prijati"><ref target="#cog_sla-x-proto_prijati">*prijati</ref></mentioned> (‘to please, favor’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>frijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>frijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>frijōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>frijōsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>frijōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>frijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>frijōsai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>frijōsau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>frijōþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>frijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>frijōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>frijōþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>frijōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>frijōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>frijōw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>frijōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>frijōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>frijōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>frijōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>frijōm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>frijōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>frijōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>frijōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>frijōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>frijōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>frijōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>frijōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>frijōnþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>frijōn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>frijōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>frijōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>frijōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>frijōdǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>frijōdēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>frijōdēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>frijōdēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>frijōdē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>frijōdēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>frijōdēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>frijōdēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>frijōdēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>frijōdēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>frijōdēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>frijōdēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>frijōdēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>frijōdēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>frijōdēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>frijōdēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>frijōndz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>frijōdaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>frijōną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*frīon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>vrien, vrihen, vrijen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>vrijen, vrijden</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>vry</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Berbice Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>freri</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                          <orth>fri, vrie</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>frīġan, frēoġan, frēon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>freen, freoȝen, freoen, fren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>free</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>fre, frey, frie</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>frīa, frīaia, friāia, frāia</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fräie</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>frije</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*frīhōn, *frīwōn, *frijōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>frīen, vrīen, vrijen, vrigen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>freien</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>freien</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>friehōn, friohōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vrîen, vrigen, vrihen, freien</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>frejen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>frijen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijigōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*frīon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>vrien, vrihen, vrijen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>vrijen, vrijden</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>vry</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Berbice Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>freri</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                          <orth>fri, vrie</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijigōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>frīġan, frēoġan, frēon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>freen, freoȝen, freoen, fren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>free</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>fre, frey, frie</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijigōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>frīa, frīaia, friāia, frāia</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fräie</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>frije</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijigōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*frīhōn, *frīwōn, *frijōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>frīen, vrīen, vrijen, vrigen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>freien</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>freien</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*frijigōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>friehōn, friohōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vrîen, vrigen, vrihen, freien</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>frejen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>frijen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>frjá, fría</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>fri</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>fríggja</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>frjá, fría</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                      <orth>fri</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>frjá, fría</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>fria</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>fria</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Finnish</lang>
                          <orth>riiata, riiustaa, friiata</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽 (frijōn)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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