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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *funhtijaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_funhtijaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_pen" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*pen-</orth>
          <def>moist; mud, swamp</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_panka" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>पङ्क</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>paṅka</orth>
          </form>
          <def>mud, bog</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_funhtijaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/funhtijaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>funhtijaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸũːx.ti.jɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᚢᚾᚺᛏᛁᛃᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">ja-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>wet</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>damp; moist</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *pnktu-, from *pen-k-. Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_panka"><ref target="#cog_san_panka">पङ्क</ref></mentioned> (paṅka, ‘mud, bog’). If *pen-k- is a k-extension of Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_pen"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_pen">*pen-</ref></mentioned> (‘moist; mud, swamp’) (which is uncertain), then compare also Proto-Germanic *fanją (‘fen, marsh’), as well as Proto-Germanic *fangō (‘wetness, moisture’) (whence Italian fango (‘mud’), likely via Gothic).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtiją, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtiją, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijas, -īs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtijas, -īs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>funhtijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtijaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtijanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtijanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>funhtijammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>funhtijōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>funhtijammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fų̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>fūht</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fų̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>fughte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>vucht, vocht</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>vocht, vochtig</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>vog, vogtig</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fų̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*fūht, *fūhte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fuchtich</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fochte, fochtich</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fų̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>fūht, fūhti, fiuhti</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>viuchte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>feucht</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fų̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*fūht</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vucht</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>fugt, fugtig</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>fucht, fuchtig</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>fucht</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                        <orth>fuktig</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>fukt, fuktig</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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