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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *fōrijaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_fōrijaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_forijana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fōrijaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>fōrijaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɸɔː.ri.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚠᛟᚱᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to cause (one) to go; lead (someone; take (someone's) lead</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to move, carry, bring</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *faraną (‘to go, travel’) + *-janą.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fōrīsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fōrī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fōrīþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fōrijaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>fōrijōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>fōrijaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>fōrijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>fōrijaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>fōrijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fōrīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fōrīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fōrijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>fōridǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>fōridēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fōridēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>fōridēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fōridē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>fōridēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>fōridēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>fōridēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>fōridēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>fōridēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fōridēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>fōridēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fōridēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>fōridēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fōridēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>fōridēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>fōrijandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>fōridaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>fōrijaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fōrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>fuoren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>voeren, voren, vuren, vueren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>veure</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fōrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>fuoren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>voeren, voren, vuren, vueren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>voeren</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>voer</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fōrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>fēran</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>feren, fearen</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fōrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>fēra</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fiere</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>fiere</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fōrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>fuoren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vüeren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>führen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>פֿירן (firn)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fōrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>fuoren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vüeren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>fiarn</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                          <orth>vüuran, büuran</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fōrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>fuoren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>vüeren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>führe, fiehre</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>féieren</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*fōrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>fōrian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>vôren, vuren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>föhren</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>fǿra, fœra, færa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>føra</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>færa</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>føra</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>fǿra, fœra, færa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                      <orth>føræ</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>føre</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>fure</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>føre</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>fǿra, fœra, færa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>fø̄ra</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>föra</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
