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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *gaberaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_gaberaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_gaberana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaberaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>gaberaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ɣɑ.ˈβe.rɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚷᚨᛒᛖᚱᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 4</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to bear; beget; give birth</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to bring forth; produce</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *ga- + *beraną.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>gaberō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>gaberaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>gaberai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gabirizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gaberaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gaber</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gaberazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gaberaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gabiridi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gaberai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gaberadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gaberadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gaberaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>gaberōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>gaberaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>gaberadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>gaberaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>gaberadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>gaberamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>gaberaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>gaberandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>gaberaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gabirid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gaberaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gabirid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gaberandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gaberaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gaberandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gaberain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gaberandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gaberandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gaberaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>gabar</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>gabērį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gabart</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gabērīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gabar</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gabērī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>gabērū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>gabērīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>gabērudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>gabērīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>gabērum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>gabērīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gabērud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gabērīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gabērun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gabērīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>gaberandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>gaburanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>gaberaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*gaberan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>ġeberan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>ȝeberen, iberen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>bear, (Scots: bere, beir</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*gaberan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>giberan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>gebërn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>gebären</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>gebären</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*gaberan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>giberan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>gebēren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>gebeure</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>gebääre</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (gabairan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
