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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *gaidō</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_gaidō</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_ghey" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*ǵʰey-</orth>
          <def>to drive, move, hurl, fling; missile, projectile</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_heti" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>हेति</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>heti</orth>
          </form>
          <def>missile, projectile</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_gaido" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaidō">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>gaidō</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɣɑi̯.ðɔː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚷᚨᛁᛞᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ō-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>prickle; point; ord</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_ghey"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_ghey">*ǵʰey-</ref></mentioned> (‘to drive, move, hurl, fling; missile, projectile’). Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_heti"><ref target="#cog_san_heti">हेति</ref></mentioned> (heti, ‘missile, projectile’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>gaidō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>gaidôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>gaidǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>gaidōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>gaidōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>gaidǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>gaidōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>gaidōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>gaidō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>gaidōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>gaidō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>gaidôz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old English</lang>
                  <orth>gād</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>gode, goode, goude, gwode</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>goad</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>gad, gade, gaid</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Langobardic</lang>
                  <orth>*gaida</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 (*gaida)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Finnish</lang>
                  <orth>kaita</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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